Over the past two decades, we have recently seen a rapid expansion of urban development in Phoenix which has sparked significant debates about its impact on housing affordability. As the city continues to grow it attracts more residents. Because of this, concerns have arisen regarding how urban sprawl has contributed to increased housing costs which could potentially displace low and middle-income residents. This is a big issue because affordable housing is essential for economic stability, social equity, and the overall quality of life for residents. Rising housing costs in urban areas could worsen the income inequality, increase homelessness, and lead to the gentrification of historically affordable neighborhoods. This research is especially relevant to policymakers and urban planners who are responsible for managing sustainable growth in the city. Understanding the connection between urban expansion and housing prices is crucial for making informed decisions that balance the new development with the needs of the city’s diverse population. This study will focus on the years between 2000 and 2020 and will examine the relationship between urban sprawl and housing affordability in Phoenix. The research will also analyze housing price data, population growth, and land use patterns to help identify their trends and potential implications for future urban planning. The central research question that guided my analysis is: “How has urban sprawl in Phoenix from 2000 to 2020 affected housing affordability for different income groups?”